Types of fisheries
a)Capture fishing is rearing of fish in natural ecosystems like
rivers, ponds, lakes
etc.
Capture fisheries is intended for catching fishes, prawns, lobsters, crabs, molluscs etc in natural water bodies. Culture fishery is the purpose of satisfying their personal, domestic or communal needs, or for educational or ceremonial purposes or other traditional purposes, and which do not have a commercial purpose.
| Capture fishery | Culture fishery |
|---|---|
| 1. It is done by natural resources | 1. It is done by fish farming |
| 2. There is no seeding and raising of fish | 2. The fish is seed and reared. |
| 3. Capture fishery is undertaken in both inland and marine waters | 3. Culture fishery is undertaken mostly inland and near sea shore. |
| 4. Obtaining fish from natural resources like lakes, rivers,ponds etc. is called capture fishing. | 4. Production of fish in a given body of water such as ponds, lakes or reservoir using scientific methods of breeding,etc. so as to enhance the output is called culture fishing. |
Marine Fisheries
Echo sounding
It is the technique of using sound waves to find the depth of
water. Echo sounding
is commonly used for fishing Variations in elevation often represent places where fish
congregate.
A vast scope of marine fishery resources include 7500 kms coast line and extensive deep sea. Marine water providing profitable fishing are Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal, many small bays, gulfs, lagoons, coral reefs, etc.
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) at Ernaculum, Cochin, Kerala has been set up to explore and utilize the marine resources of the country, Following 12 marine fishes are most preferred sea fishes or table fishes those are consumed fishes. Seer, Flat fish or sole, Pomphrets, Mackerels, Tuna, Sardines, Bombay duck, Eel, Hilsa, Salmon, Ribbon fish, Flying fish.
These marine fishes are caught by fishing nets and gears operated by fishing vessels. A vessel that drags a net behind it is called fishing trawler; such fishing trawlers fitted with electronic fish locating device have been put into service for boosting deep–sea fishing. The modern techonologies for catching more fish includes echosounders.
Echo sounder: An echo sounder is a device for measuring depth of water by sending pressure waves down from the surface and recording the time until the echo returns from the bottom.. Scientific echosounders have been used in oceans, lakes, rivers, and at hydropower dams, estuaries, navigation locks, or anywhere accurate assessment of fish abundance, distribution or behavior is required.