Why only liquid-fuel rockets why not solid or gas ? The main issue with solid fuel (or propellant) rockets was that they did not stop burning once launched. This limits the control on the combustion of solid fuel. The breakthrough came with the advent of liquid fuel rockets, which were designed with the adjustment that could change the amount of thrust at different points of time during flight. Currently liquid oxygen and hydrogen are used as the rocket fuel. In case of gases, it is essential to keep them at extremely low temperatures and high pressures with the necessary thrust at the same time, which is not an easy task with out additional pressure controls. Lets learn more about the gases and their changing behaviour in different conditions.

Learning objectives

After completing the topic, the student will be able to:

• Discuss about the equation of state of matter and its relevance to the earthly life.
• Define, discuss and explore the terms mole, molecular mass, Avogadro number and their significance in daily life scenarios.
• Discuss, examine and investigate about the gas laws and probe for any deviation when applied to real gases.
• Develop an ideal gas equation and discuss the kinetic theory of gases, molecular speeds with its importance to real world analogies.
• Analyze mean free path of molecules of a gas and apply them to probe the behavior of the gas.
• Discuss and explore heat capacity and equi-partition energy of a gas.