Neurotransmitters are the chemicals which allow the transmission of signals from one neuron to the next across synapses.
Neurotransmitters are the chemicals which allow the transmission of signals from one neuron to the next across synapses.
They are also found at the axon endings of motor neurons, where they stimulate the muscle fibers. And they and their close relatives are produced by some glands such as the pituitary and the adrenal glands. Some of the most significant neurotransmitters are as follows:
Glutamate is used at the great majority of fast excitatory synapses in the brain and spinal cord. GABA (gamma – Aminobutyric acid) is used at the great majority of fast inhibitory synapses in virtually every part of the brain. Many sedative/tranquilizing drugs act by enhancing the effects of GABA. Acetylcholine is distinguished as the transmitter at the neuro – muscular junction connecting motor nerves to muscles. Dopamine plays a critical role in the reward system, but dysfunction of the dopamine system is also implicated in Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter. It functions to regulate appetite, sleep, memory and learning, temperature, mood, behaviour, muscle contraction and function of the cardiovascular system and endocrine system.